Darkwing Duck
Well-Known Member
Whoa, I need to go all One Brow here. But fear not, it will not be a one sentence reply.
This is incorrect in multiple manners. When looking at evolutionary processes, you look at a population, not a species. You look at that population's gene pool in relation to other populations of the same species. If the population can no long create viable, reproducing offspring, then they are no longer the same species. There is no appreciable line that the two populations cross to say "yesterday we were the same species; today we're not." This is seen with horses and donkeys. They can't make offspring that reproduce (mules). However, there have been some documented cases of a female mule giving birth to a viable offspring. Also, terms like "reversible" and "further" are improper terms to use for examining evolution. A population's gene frequency could return to past level, but I would imagine that the genotype would be very difficult to return to if two population were at the brink of speciation. It would be asking horses and donkey's to naturally evolve their genotypes to become viably the same species again. Thirdly, evolution CAN'T stop, since it's about gene frequencies in a population. Only if a species stops reproducing does evolution stop, and after that generation dies, you're extinct. Otherwise, gene frequencies will always be different across generations. Populations will grow or decrease. There is no concept of "evolve further." Traits might stagnate, but the environment, both physically and behaviorally, is tremendously dynamic that natural selection will always be an influence on gene frequencies and populations, and thus evolution.
"Hundreds of millions of years ago?" Need to show your work on that one. Modern day humans (species sapiens) date back to around 500,000 years ago. The specific human line (genus Homo) dates back to about 2 million years ago. The general human line, what fossils that have distinct human physical traits, dates somewhere in the 4-6 million year ago range. Hundreds of millions of years ago is the dinosaur age and prior, so you have to actually bring actual evidence with dating techniques for that claim.
There are, looking at the one table I'm looking at, at least a dozen fossils that share traits that are distinctively human that predate the fairly well established Homo line. These things were more ubiquitous than you might think. Human timelines, and any existing and extinct species evolutionary timeline, get modified upon existence of new evidence. That's what science is. 50 years ago, the thought of feathers on dinosaurs would have been preposterous to paleontologists.
Not particularly. Look at Canis lupus. I'll throw some pictures in for you of two animals that are of the same species.
That's quite the diversity for one species. Plus, one generation is completely negligible on an evolutionary scale. Ten generations is negligible, unless there's a radical change in the gene pool, either through a drastic cut in the amount of the population, or a dramatic increase in the pool through the combination of two or more populations of the same species.
This is a serious question. How can anyone believe you've in any way shape or form looked at evolution scientifically when you use the "it's just a theory" line? I understand that you haven't used it in this context for the Theory of Evolution, and just Darwin's hypothesis from one hundred and fifty years ago, but the Theory of Evolution is on par, scientifically, with the Theory of Gravity, and the Theory of Plate Tectonics, amongst a myriad of other scientific theories, so any legitimate proofs against that theory would have to be on the same scale of evidence that would debunk Gravity, Relativity, and so on.
What you've described makes some sense, and it follows plausible logic. Basically, you're saying that if a species evolves to a certain point via a process of genetic transmutation it might not be able to (or need to) evolve/mutate much further, and moreover the process of genetic transmutation the species has experienced may not be reversible.
This is incorrect in multiple manners. When looking at evolutionary processes, you look at a population, not a species. You look at that population's gene pool in relation to other populations of the same species. If the population can no long create viable, reproducing offspring, then they are no longer the same species. There is no appreciable line that the two populations cross to say "yesterday we were the same species; today we're not." This is seen with horses and donkeys. They can't make offspring that reproduce (mules). However, there have been some documented cases of a female mule giving birth to a viable offspring. Also, terms like "reversible" and "further" are improper terms to use for examining evolution. A population's gene frequency could return to past level, but I would imagine that the genotype would be very difficult to return to if two population were at the brink of speciation. It would be asking horses and donkey's to naturally evolve their genotypes to become viably the same species again. Thirdly, evolution CAN'T stop, since it's about gene frequencies in a population. Only if a species stops reproducing does evolution stop, and after that generation dies, you're extinct. Otherwise, gene frequencies will always be different across generations. Populations will grow or decrease. There is no concept of "evolve further." Traits might stagnate, but the environment, both physically and behaviorally, is tremendously dynamic that natural selection will always be an influence on gene frequencies and populations, and thus evolution.
However, such a theory fails to take into account a few valid and significant bodies of evidence that indicate:
1) Certain species, most notably mankind itself, did not come into existence at the time that Darwin proposed in his theory. There is compelling physical evidence that advanced human civilizations existed on multiple continents (and on land masses now submerged) hundreds of millions of years ago. This is before such genetic and cultural development would be plausible or even possible had mankind systematically evolved from other 'apelike' organisms. In other words, mankind made his entrance on the world stage and became civilized too early to have developed along Darwin's proposed evolutionary time scale.
"Hundreds of millions of years ago?" Need to show your work on that one. Modern day humans (species sapiens) date back to around 500,000 years ago. The specific human line (genus Homo) dates back to about 2 million years ago. The general human line, what fossils that have distinct human physical traits, dates somewhere in the 4-6 million year ago range. Hundreds of millions of years ago is the dinosaur age and prior, so you have to actually bring actual evidence with dating techniques for that claim.
2) If you accept the theory that mankind evolved from an organism in Africa now euphemistically called the "missing link" (between man and a type of ape) you would need to accept that ALL human beings ultimately are descended from that species since that is the origin of critical genetic transmutation. Moreover, mankind would have migrated from that geographic point of origin to populate the earth. Again, however, archeological evidence does not reveal a pattern population development and migration that fits the 'we-all-came-from-Africa' idea. It becomes a real long shot.
There are, looking at the one table I'm looking at, at least a dozen fossils that share traits that are distinctively human that predate the fairly well established Homo line. These things were more ubiquitous than you might think. Human timelines, and any existing and extinct species evolutionary timeline, get modified upon existence of new evidence. That's what science is. 50 years ago, the thought of feathers on dinosaurs would have been preposterous to paleontologists.
3) The "leaps" of evolutionary development between species are often quite dramatic rather than small, and this directly implies that there should be at the very least one generation's worth of intermediate organisms documenting the categorical advancement of one species to another. In fact, there should be multiple intermediate organisms representing not only the ones that became a surviving species, but also those that failed to make the evolutionary cut and died out. Yet, in the fossil record these intermediate organisms do not appear.
Not particularly. Look at Canis lupus. I'll throw some pictures in for you of two animals that are of the same species.
That's quite the diversity for one species. Plus, one generation is completely negligible on an evolutionary scale. Ten generations is negligible, unless there's a radical change in the gene pool, either through a drastic cut in the amount of the population, or a dramatic increase in the pool through the combination of two or more populations of the same species.
In sum, I can appreciate if someone wishes to adhere to the 'origin of species' theory. A person is free to believe whatever he or she wishes, and even better if s/he is willing to explore the subject scientifically. However, taking a step back from the microscope and looking at the bigger picture, I don't think evolutionary biologists can claim that Darwin's theory is anything more than that, a theory. Moreover, it is a theory that seems to rely upon a limited amount of circumstantial evidence, as well as rather subjective interpretation of that evidence.
This is a serious question. How can anyone believe you've in any way shape or form looked at evolution scientifically when you use the "it's just a theory" line? I understand that you haven't used it in this context for the Theory of Evolution, and just Darwin's hypothesis from one hundred and fifty years ago, but the Theory of Evolution is on par, scientifically, with the Theory of Gravity, and the Theory of Plate Tectonics, amongst a myriad of other scientific theories, so any legitimate proofs against that theory would have to be on the same scale of evidence that would debunk Gravity, Relativity, and so on.