The Chicago Manual of Style says it not once, but three times:
A period marks the end of a declarative or an imperative sentence. It is followed by a single space.
A single character space, not two spaces, should be left after periods at the ends of sentences (both in manuscript and in final, published form).
In typeset matter, one space, not two (in other words, a regular word space), follows any mark of punctuation that ends a sentence, whether a period, a colon, a question mark, an exclamation point, or closing quotation marks.