Sorry, to respond to the same post twice, but I wanted to add one more wrinkle, which is the racism that occurs with without bigotry.
I recently read an account from a restaurant manage who had hired a black waiter to the mostly-white staff. He noticed that there was a considerably higher rates of complaint made on this waiter, despite the waiter doing their job jest as well. For example, when the waiter was working with the register, patrons would complain he was just standing around. This didn't happen when the white waiters worked at the register.
Now, I'm sure most of these patron would not think of themselves as racists, because they don't hate black people. However, they still treat black people more harshly. I've gone over some of the reasons before why people aren't aware of these biases, and would be happy to do so again if anyone so desires. However, my current point is that when we talk about racism, it can't be just about bigotry, because bigotry doesn't account for a lot of racism. It can't be just about institutional racism, because much of the bigotry-free racism happens at the individual level.
