Well, it might depend on what we mean by "distant", when we refer to the distant past, but, say 50,000 years ago, besides modern humans, there were Neanderthals, (and most Europeans, and no black Africans, have some small amount of Neanderthal genes), the so-called Hobbits, and the Denisovans( many Southeast Asians and Australasians have some Denisovans genes. Such genes provided altitude tolerance to the Tibetans for instance), and maybe other subspecies(?) that we don't know of. And only modern humans remain.
https://www.seeker.com/our-connecti...d-other-ancient-humans-deepen-2169789944.html
I imagine Homo Sapiens are the human species that survived because they are the cruelest.